Unit 1 Ujyaalo Yatra

 

Vocabulary : (Glossary)


1. Find and write the words from the poem 'Ujyalo Yatra' that have the given meanings:
(a) Feelings or thoughts arising in the mind: Bhawana (Emotion)
(b) Paste made by grinding sandalwood: Chandan (Sandalwood paste)
(c) Filled with pride: Sagaurav (Proudly)
(d) The act of giving up one's ownership or right: Tyag (Sacrifice)
(e) Highest or tallest: Sarvochcha (Supreme)


2. Identify two pairs of synonyms from the given paragraph:
Cow is a domestic animal raised by humans. It falls under the category of livestock. Cow's milk is very nutritious for humans. To keep the body healthy, one should eat nutritious things. People also earn money by selling milk and dairy products. A lot of income can be generated by using cow farming as a business.

Animal - Livestock
Nutritious - Energetic
Earning - Income


3. Write synonyms for the given words.

Love - Affection
Power - Strength
Earth - World
Deed - Work
Life - Life
Head - Head
Good - Beautiful
Great - High
Air - Wind
Sky - Firmament
Eye - Eye


4. Find and write the antonyms of the following words from the poem 'Ujyalo Yatra':

Low - High
Sad - Happy
Ignorance - Knowledge
Possible - Impossible
Own - Other
Injustice - Justice


5. Find five pairs of antonyms and use them in sentences as shown in the example:

Example: धारिलो (Dharilo) - भुत्ते (Bhutte) [Sharp - Blunt], धेरै (Dherai) - थोरे (Thore) [Many - Few]

Up - Down (There is a hill above the house. There is a stream below the field.)
Light - Dark (Opening the window brings light, closing it brings darkness.)
Head - Foot (Riyaz has worn a Dhaka topi on his head and shoes on his feet.)
Win - Lose (We won the football game. If we play with courage, we never lose.)
Justice - Injustice (We must always fight for justice. We should not remain silent when facing injustice.)




Understanding and Expression (Comprehension & Expression)


4. Read the given paragraph and discuss Anustup Chhanda (meter) with your friends:

Anustup Chhanda has four lines (paau). Each line has eight syllables. In this meter, the fifth syllable of each line of every verse is short (laghu) and the sixth syllable is long (guru). The seventh syllable of the first and third lines is long (guru), and the seventh syllable of the second and fourth lines is short (laghu). Thus, the seventh syllable in each line alternates between long and short, meaning the first line has a long, the second a short, the third a long, and the fourth a short. There is a pause or rest after every eighth syllable.


5. Find five words from the poem 'Ujyalo Yatra' whose writing and pronunciation are different, and pronounce them correctly.

Vishva (World), Jeevan (Life), Sansar (Universe), Kavita (Poem), Jasaka (Whose)


6. Find and write pairs of alliterative words from the text as given in the example.

Example: Chandan (Sandalwood) - Nandan (Son)
Asambhav (Impossible) - Sab (All), Sukhi (Happy) - Khusi (Joyful), Saurabh (Fragrance) - Gaurav (Pride), Bhari (Full) - Chhari (Scattered), Manohar (Charming) - Sundar (Beautiful), Khatir (For) - Shir (Head)


7. Read the given poetic excerpt and answer the questions:

Whose emotions laugh, filling the mind with melody, whose lives survive, scattering moonlight at night. (Whose emotions laugh, filling the mind with melody, whose lives survive, scattering moonlight at night.)

(a) Separate the four lines of this poetic excerpt.

Whose emotions laugh,
filling the mind with melody,
whose lives survive
scattering moonlight at night.

(b) Underline the fifth short (hrasva) syllable of all four lines of the poetic excerpt.
Bha-va-na (emotion), Raa-gi-ni (melody), Jin-da-gi (life), Chaan-da-ni (moonlight)

(c) Underline the sixth long (deergha) syllable of all four lines of the poetic excerpt.
Bha-va-na (emotion), Raa-gi-ni (melody), Jin-da-gi (life), Chaan-da-ni (moonlight)

(d) Write the seventh syllable of all four lines of the poetic excerpt in order.
Haan (yes), Bha (of), Baan (arrow), Chha (is)


8. Read the given poetic excerpt and answer the questions.

Those who are engaged in knowledge, making the earth beautiful,
Those who are engaged in work, creating beauty.
Those who are always dedicated to justice,
Their victorious heads are raised in the world.


(a) What has made the earth beautiful?
Answer: The struggle of people engaged in knowledge and work has made the earth beautiful.

(b) How does the life of a hardworking person become?
Answer: The life of a hardworking person becomes beautiful, and they also make society and the country beautiful through their work.

(c) In the poetic excerpt, whose heads are said to be held high?
Answer: In the poetic excerpt, the heads of those who are always dedicated to justice are said to be held high.

(d) What message is conveyed by the poetic excerpt? Answer: We should make our earth beautiful with knowledge and work. We should always raise our voice for justice. In this way, we should not only look after our own happiness but also work for the benefit of the entire country.